1. What do you find interesting in the chart above? What can you infer? Discuss.
2. Do you remember the sleep time over age trend that you studied last year? Does that trend align with this chart?
3. Can you explain why the learning time of people in the age group 15 – 24 has reduced significantly compared to that of the age group 6 – 14?
4. Do adults spend about an equal amount of time in paid and unpaid work? What do you think?
- 1. What do you find interesting in the chart above? What can you infer? Discuss.
- 2. Do you remember the sleep time over age trend that you studied last year? Does that trend align with this chart?
- 3. Can you explain why the learning time of people in the age group 15 – 24 has reduced significantly compared to that of the age group 6 – 14?
- 4. Do adults spend about an equal amount of time in paid and unpaid work? What do you think?
Step-by-step solution
Idea: Each column is 24 hours split by activity, so the same percentage means the same hours in every age group. Compare a colour across the columns to see how an activity changes with age.
1. What do you find interesting in the chart above? What can you infer? Discuss.
- Children spend 22% (about 5 h) on learning; it drops to 11% for youth and almost 0 for adults and the elderly. Paid work appears from youth (7%) and peaks for adults (14%). Unpaid work & care peaks for adults (15%). Leisure stays at 26% up to 59 and rises to 33% for the elderly. Personal care is steady (13–14%). Inference: a person’s day changes with their stage of life: study, then work and care, then rest.1 mark
2. Do you remember the sleep time over age trend that you studied last year? Does that trend align with this chart?
- Sleep: children 38% ≈ 9.1 h, youth 34% ≈ 8.2 h, adults 32% ≈ 7.7 h, elderly 37% ≈ 8.9 h. Sleep needed falls from childhood to adulthood, and the chart agrees for these groups. The elderly sleep (or rest in bed) more than adults here, perhaps because they have no work hours; this rise is worth discussing.1 mark
3. Can you explain why the learning time of people in the age group 15 – 24 has reduced significantly compared to that of the age group 6 – 14?
- Almost all 6–14-year-olds are in school. Many 15–24-year-olds have finished school or college, or left studies to start paid work (7%) or household and care work (9%). The group’s average learning time therefore drops (22% → 11%), even though those still studying may study as much as before.1 mark
4. Do adults spend about an equal amount of time in paid and unpaid work? What do you think?
- On average, yes: paid work 14% ≈ 3.4 h and unpaid work & care 15% ≈ 3.6 h. But this is an average of all adults. In many homes one person (often a man) does mostly paid work and another (often a woman) does mostly unpaid housework and care, so very few individuals actually split their time equally. The average hides this.1 mark
Answer to write in the exam
1.
Learning: 22% → 11% → 0% → 0%
Paid work peaks for adults (14%); unpaid work peaks for adults (15%)
Leisure: 26% up to 59, 33% for 60+
∴ Time use changes with stage of life
2.
Sleep: 38% ≈ 9.1 h, 34% ≈ 8.2 h, 32% ≈ 7.7 h, 37% ≈ 8.9 h
∴ Sleep decreases from children to adults, matching the trend; it rises again for the elderly
3.
6–14: nearly all in school (learning 22%)
15–24: many finish or leave studies; paid work 7%, unpaid work 9%
∴ Average learning time falls to 11%
4.
Paid work 14% × 24 ≈ 3.4 h; unpaid work 15% × 24 ≈ 3.6 h
About equal on average
∴ Yes on average, but the average hides who does which kind of work
Common mistakes that cost marks
- Reading the percentages as hours. Multiply by 24 and divide by 100 (32% ≈ 7.7 h).
- Saying adults do ‘no learning at all’. 0% is rounded; some adults do learn, but very little on average.
- Treating the average as true for every person in the group.
How this can come in the exam
A survey of time use found: children (6–14) sleep 38% of the day and spend 22% on learning; adults (25–59) sleep 32% and spend 14% on paid work and 15% on unpaid work.
(i) How many hours do children sleep? (ii) How many more hours do children sleep than adults? (iii) How many hours a day do adults work in all (paid + unpaid)? (iv) Why might a single adult’s day look very different from this average?
Show answer
(i) 38% of 24 = 9.12 h (1 mark). (ii) 9.12 − 7.68 = 1.44 h ≈ 1½ h (1 mark). (iii) 29% of 24 = 6.96 ≈ 7 h (1 mark). (iv) The average mixes adults who mostly do paid work with those who mostly do unpaid work (1 mark).Try one yourself
In the chart, the elderly spend 33% on leisure and youth spend 26%. How many more minutes of leisure a day do the elderly have?
Show answer
7% of 24 h = 1.68 h ≈ 101 minutes (about 1 h 40 min).
More questions like this
- What type of chart is this — a stacked bar chart or a 100% stacked bar chart?
- Do you remember the ‘What Can A Strip Say?’ activity from last year? In each strip, if we club the tiny strips belonging to each activity together, will we get a 100% stacked bar chart like the one in the figure?
- The smart watch data of 5 people was tracked from Monday to Friday. The recorded data tells us how many hours each person spent lying down, sitting, and standing or moving around, etc., as shown in the following table.
- 1. Will the bars look similar if a different teacher’s data is considered instead of Zakir’s?
2. Will the bars look different if the data for all 7 days of the week is considered?
3. Some bars in the chart may also match people doing other kinds of work/activities. Can you think of any? Discuss. - In cricket, the run rate is the average number of runs scored per over. In a T20 match, a team scored 6 runs in the first over making the run rate 6.